History of Nursing

The history of nursing shows how the discipline of nursing has been forged over time, often empirically, about religion or mistresses of steps such as wars, the changing needs of society in health, health care but also about thinking humanists, taking into account social needs and the study of psychology.

The nursing profession and nursing have evolved with the history of medicine and philosophy of science. The evolution of the profession, largely feminized over the ages, is concomitant of the feminist movement and the history of women in science.

In the Middle Ages to care for lepers, were placed automatically at the contribution of prostitutes and other “pseudo” caregivers. The religious orders organized the occupation according to criteria in connection with charity and love of God, so care is voluntary, and has a cultural value. One that the practice is supported by the religious structure (eg religious Hotel Dieu).

The nuns remain long in hospitals or hospices. It was not until the secularization and the First World War that affirmed the nursing profession.

Until early 1960, recruitment is made by a variety of categories that are antagonistic Red Cross nurses, nuns, nurses schools. After May 1968, the profession becomes available concepts of obedience, submission and love. Since the end of the specific training of nurses in psychiatry in 1992, in France there is only one degree in nursing: the State diploma of nursing.

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